Degenerate bodies. Nude in the photographs of the liberation of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69791/rahc.83Keywords:
Nakedness, Photographies, Nazi Concentration Camps, Gender Identities, DehumanizationAbstract
The naked bodies are central in photographs of the liberation of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp taken by AFPU in order to portray the “degenerated bodies” inside the horror facilities. This centrality is not just a consequence of the essential nudity of the inmates; that nakedness is also a finest tool to represent the pathos of suffering within a background of atrocities. Specially, nakedness shows accurately the degeneration/desexualization degree reached by the bodies exposed to Nazi violence.
Downloads
Global Statistics ℹ️
|
96
Views
|
18
Downloads
|
|
114
Total
|
|
References
Agamben, G.: Homo Sacer I. El poder soberano y la nuda vida, Valencia, Pre-Textos, 2010.
Bardgett, S. y Cesarani, D. (eds.): Belsen 1945: New Historical Perspectives, Edgware, Vallentine Mitchell, 2006.
Barthes, R.: La cámara lúcida: Nota sobre la fotografía, Barcelona, Paidós, 2010.
Becker, A.: "Exterminios. El cuerpo y los campos de concentración", en J. J.
Courtine, Historia del cuerpo (III). Las mutaciones de la mirada. El siglo XX, Madrid, Santillana Ediciones, 2006, pp. 313-30.
Bourke, J.: Los violadores: historia del estupro de 1860 a nuestros días, traducido por Enrique Herrando Pérez. Barcelona, Crítica, 2009.
Butler, J.: Cuerpos que importan: sobre los límites materiales y discursivos del "sexo", Buenos Aires (etc.), Paidós, 2005.
Butler, J.: El género en disputa: el feminismo y la subversión de la identidad, México, Paidós, 2001.
Butler, J.:. Marcos de guerra: Las vidas lloradas, Barcelona, Paidós, 2010.
Caven, H.: "Horror in Our Time: Images of the Concentration Camps in the British Media, 1945", Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 21, nº 3 (2001), pp. 205-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/01439680120069399 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01439680120069399
Chamberlin, B. y Feldman, M. (eds.): The Liberation of the Nazi Concentration Camps 1945: Eyewitness Accounts of the Liberators, Washington, D.C., United States Holocaust Memorial Council, 1987.
Clark, K.: El desnudo: un estudio de la forma ideal, Madrid, Alianza, 1981.
Didi-Huberman, G.: Imágenes pese a todo: memoria visual del Holocausto, Barcelona, Paidós, 2004.
Didi-Huberman, G.: Venus rajada: desnudez, sueño, crueldad, Madrid, Losada, 2005.
Dubois, P.: El acto fotográfico: de la representación a la recepción, Barcelona [etc.], Paidós, 1999.
Eliach, Y. y Gurewitsch, B. (eds.): The Liberators: Eyewitness Accounts of the Liberations of Concentration Camps, Brooklyn, Center for Holocaust Studies, Documentation and Research, 1981.
Fangrad, A.: Wartime Rape and Sexual Violence: An Examination of the Perpetrators, Motivations, and Functions of Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women during the Holocaust, Bloomington, Author House, 2013.
Feinstein, M. M.: Holocaust Survivors in Postwar Germany, 1945-1957, Cambridge y Nueva York, Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Glastone, K.: "The AFPU: the Origins of British Army Combat Filming during the Second World War", Film History 14, nº 3/4 (2002), pp. 316-31. https://doi.org/10.2979/FIL.2002.14.3-4.316 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/FIL.2002.14.3-4.316
Goldman, A. L.: "Press Freedom in Britain during World War Two", Journalism History 22, nº 4 (Invierno de de 1997), pp. 146-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.1997.12062452 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00947679.1997.12062452
Grant, I.: Cameramen at War, Cambridge, Stephens, 1980.
Grossman, A.: Jews, Germans, and Allies: Close Encounters in Occupied Germany, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400832743 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400832743
Haggith, T.: "The Filming of the Liberation of Bergen-Belsen and Its Impact on the Understanding of the Holocaust", en S. Bardgett y Cesarani, D.: Belsen 1945: New Historical Perspectives, Edgware, Vallentine Mitchell, 2006, pp. 89-122. https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2006.11087180 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2006.11087180
Hedgepeth, S. M. y Saidel, R. G. (eds.): Sexual Violence Against Jewish Women During the Holocaust, Hanover y Londres, University Press of New England, 2010.
Holmila, A.: Reporting the Holocaust in the British, Swedish and Finnish Press, 1945-50, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire y Nueva York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230305861 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230305861
Lewinski, J.: The Naked and the Nude: a History of Nude Photography, Londres, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1987.
Martos, P.: Sobrevivir sin género en la zona gris. La deshumanización en los campos de concentración nazi en perspectiva feminista, tesis inédita dirigida por Elena Hernández Sandoica y Reyes Mate Rupérez. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, 2015.
McGlade, F.: The History of the British Army Film & Photographic Unit in the Second World War, Solihull, Helion & Company, 2010.
Nead, L.: El desnudo femenino: arte, obscenidad y sexualidad, Madrid, Tecnos, 1998.
Reilly, J.: Belsen: The Liberation of a Concentration Camp, Londres, Routledge, 1998.
Reilly, J., Cesarani, D., Kushner, T. y Richmond, C. (eds.): Belsen in History and Memory, Londres, Frank Cass, 1997.
Shephard, B.: After Daybreak: The Liberation of Belsen, 1945, Londres, Jonathan Cape, 2005.
Sontag, S.: Ante el dolor de los demás, Madrid, Santillana, 2003.
Sontag, S.Sobre la fotografía, traducido por Carlos Gardini. 3a ed. Barcelona, Debolsillo, 2010.
Struk, J.: Photographing the Holocaust: Interpretations of the Evidence, Londres y Nueva York, I.B. Tauris, 2004.
Swiebocka, T.: Auschwitz: A History in Photographs, Bloomington y Varsovia, Indiana University Press y Ksiazka I Wiedza, 1993.
Tagg, J.: The Burden of Representation: Essays on Photographies and Histories, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire y Londres, Macmillan, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19355-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19355-4
Weindling, P.: ""Belsenitis": Liberating Belsen, Its Hospitals, UNRRA, and Selection for Re-emigration, 1945-1948", Science in Context 19, nº 3 (2006), pp. 401-18. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269889706000998 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269889706000998
Zelizer, B.: "Gender and Atrocity: Women in Holocaust Photographs", en B. Zelizer, Visual Culture and the Holocaust, New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press, 2000, pp. 247-71.
Zelizer, B.: Remembering to Forget: Holocaust Memory Through the Camera's Eye, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Zerner, H. (ed.): "La mirada de los artistas", en A. Corbin (dir.), Historia del cuerpo (II). De la Revolución Francesa a la Gran Guerra, Madrid, Santillana Ediciones, 2005, pp. 87-116.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Paula Martos Ardid
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Alcores is an open-access journal. It provides unrestricted access to its content from the moment of publication. We respect intellectual property rights, and for this reason, the author retains the copyright. All content is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. The terms of the license can be consulted at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This license allows sharing (copying and redistributing the material in any medium or format) and adapting (remixing, transforming, and building upon the material for any purpose), provided that authorship and first publication in this journal are properly credited, a link to the license is included, and any changes made are indicated.
This type of license facilitates the freedom of reuse and ensures that the content of this journal can be used to meet research needs.
